Transformers (Physics Punya)

1. A transformer is an electrical device that increases or decreases an alternating voltage based on the principal of electromagnetic induction.

2. Electromagnetic induction pulak, is the production of an electromagnetic force in a conductor when there is relative motion of the conductor across a magnetic field.

3. EI ni ialah penghasilan daya (force) elektromagnet apabila konduktor bergerak dalam medan magnet.

4. Kita ada step up transformer dgn step down transformer.

5. Senang saja. Nak tau kata dia step up transformer, primary coil dia sikit, secondary coil banyak.

6. Nak tau kata dia step down transformer, primary coil banyak, secondary coil sikit.

7. The term 'ideal transformer' refers to a transformer that has equal output power and input power.

8. Efficiency of a transformer; (output power/input power)x100%.

9. Output power=secondary volt x secondary current. Input power=primary volt x primary current.

10. There are 4 main causes of heat loss in transformers. a)Resistance of copper wire. b)Eddy currents. c)Magnetization and demagnetization of core. d)Flux leakage. (FREM)

11. How to counter flux leakage? by winding primary and secondary coils closer to each other.

12. How to counter resistance of wire? by using thicker copper wire to reduce resistance, or by using cooling fins (sirip penyejuk) or coolants to reduce temperature of transformer.

13. How to counter eddy currents? by using a core made from thin plates of soft iron insulated from each other.

14. Lastly, how to counter magnetization and demagnetization? by using soft iron core which magnetizes and de* easily.

*What exactly is an eddy current? I honestly don't know. Someone good at explaining things please explain this term to me. Thank you.